📚 AYUMI Japanese pre-Intermediate Course 1

Learn to explain situations and reasons in detail using "~n desu ka" and "~n desu." Make more polite requests with "~te itadakemasen ka" and seek advice or instructions with "dō shitara ii desu ka." You'll be able to have natural conversations like "ichigo-gari ni iku n desu ga, oshiete itadakemasen ka" (I'm going strawberry picking, could you tell me about it?)!

Learn to express ability using potential form "~dekimasu" (can do). Explain things that naturally enter your sight or hearing with "miemasu" (can see) and "kikoemasu" (can hear). Express limitations with "shika ~masen" (only) and make contrasts with "A wa B ga, C wa D." You'll be able to ask questions like "jetto kōsutā ni noremasu ka" (can you ride the roller coaster?)!

Learn to express performing two actions simultaneously with "~nagara." List multiple reasons or characteristics with "~shi, ~shi." Express habitual actions with "~te imasu." You'll be able to give more detailed explanations like "aruki nagara tabemasu" (eat while walking) and "oishii shi, yasui shi, benri desu" (it's delicious, cheap, and convenient)!

Learn to describe the state of things with "~te imasu." Express completion of actions or convey feelings of regret with "~te shimaimasu." You'll be able to explain states like "fukuro ga yaburete imasu" (the bag is torn) and express regret with "wasurete shimaimashita" (I forgot)!

Learn to express intentional preparation or arrangement with "~te arimasu." Express preparation for the future, post-processing, or leaving as is with "~te okimasu." You'll be able to convey preparation and consideration with phrases like "ryōri o tsukutte okimasu" (I'll make food in advance) and "sono mama ni shite oite kudasai" (please leave it as it is)!

Learn to express your will using volitional form "~shiyō" (let's ~). Express intentions with "~tsumori desu" and plans with "~yotei desu." Convey plans you're thinking about with "~yō to omotte imasu" and express incompletion with "mada ~te imasen." You'll be able to share plans like "sukiyaki o taberu yotei desu" (I plan to eat sukiyaki)!

Learn to give advice and warnings with "~ta hō ga ii desu" (should ~). Express high-probability conjecture with "~deshō" and low-probability conjecture with "~kamoshiremasen." You'll be able to give advice like "taoru o motte itta hō ga ii desu yo" (you should bring a towel) and make predictions like "ashita wa ame ga furu deshō" (it will probably rain tomorrow)!

Learn to understand imperative and prohibitive forms and explain the content of signs and notices with "~to kaite arimasu" (it says ~). Explain word meanings with "~to iu imi desu" and quote third-party statements with "~to itte imashita." You'll be able to convey warnings like "hairu na to kaite arimasu" (it says "do not enter")!

Learn to instruct acting according to an example with "~tōri ni." Clearly indicate the order of actions with "~ta ato de." Express accompanying actions or choices with "~te/naide." You'll be able to give specific instructions like "watashi ga oshieta tōri ni odotte kudasai" (please dance as I taught you)!

Learn to express hypothetical conditions using conditional forms "~ba/~nara." Seek advice with "nani o ~ba ii desu ka." Make appropriate suggestions with "N nara." You'll be able to make conditional statements and seek advice like "hima nara, issho ni ikimasen ka" (if you're free, shall we go together?) and "nani o kireba ii desu ka" (what should I wear?)!

Learn to express goals and objectives using "~yō ni." Express changes in ability or situation with "~yō ni narimashita" and habitual efforts with "~yō ni shite imasu." You'll be able to convey growth and effort with phrases like "Nihongo ga hanaseru yō ni narimashita" (I became able to speak Japanese) and "mainichi renshū suru yō ni shite imasu" (I try to practice every day)!

Learn to express actions received from others using passive form "~ni ~raremashita." Objectively explain experiences of inconvenience and situations. You'll be able to talk about various experiences like "mukashi, oni ni nakasaremashita" (long ago, I was made to cry by an ogre) and "tomodachi ni sasowaremashita" (I was invited by a friend)!

Learn to express impressions and evaluations about actions with "~no wa ~desu." Express strengths and weaknesses with "~no ga ~desu" and forgetfulness with "~no o wasuremashita." Confirm information with "~no o shitte imasu ka." You'll be able to frankly express opinions like "konna ni taberu no wa muri desu" (eating this much is impossible)!